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A signal passed at danger (SPAD), in British railway terminology, occurs when a train passes a stop signal without authority to do so.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://www.rail-reg.gov.uk/server/show/nav.1137 )〕 It is a term primarily used within the British Railway Industry, although it can be applied worldwide. ==Categories of SPAD== From December 2012,〔http://www.rgsonline.co.uk/Railway_Group_Standards/Traffic%20Operation%20and%20Management/Railway%20Group%20Standards/GORT3119%20Iss%203.pdf〕 the term "SPAD" only applies to category A SPADS. A new term, SPAR - Signal Passed at Red, will be used when describing category B, C and D incidents. There are a number of ways that a train can pass a signal at danger, and in the UK these fall into four basic categories: *A SPAD (Previously Category A SPAD) is where the train proceeds beyond its authorised movement to an unauthorised movement.〔 *A Technical SPAR (Previously Category B SPAD) is where the signal reverted to danger in front of the train due to an equipment failure or signaller error and the train was unable to stop before passing the signal. *A Signaller SPAR (Previously Category C SPAD) is where the signal was replaced to danger in front of the train by the signaller in accordance with the rules and regulations and the train was unable to stop before passing the signal. *A Runaway SPAR (Previously Category D SPAD) is where an unattended train or vehicles not attached to a traction unit run away past a signal at danger. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「signal passed at danger」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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